Quinupristin/dalfopristin: Difference between revisions
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==Uses== | ==Uses== | ||
* Treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, as well as nosocomial pneumonias and infections secondary to IV catheters (1) | *Treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, as well as nosocomial pneumonias and infections secondary to IV catheters (1) | ||
==Administration== | ==Administration== | ||
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==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
* VRE: 7.5 mg/kg IV q8 hrs for minimum 7 days | *VRE: 7.5 mg/kg IV q8 hrs for minimum 7 days | ||
* skin infections: 7.5 mg/kg IV q12 hrs for minimum 7 days | *skin infections: 7.5 mg/kg IV q12 hrs for minimum 7 days | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
* safety and efficacy has not been studied in children | *safety and efficacy has not been studied in children | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
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===Renal Dosing=== | ===Renal Dosing=== | ||
* no adjustments for renal impairment | *no adjustments for renal impairment | ||
===Hepatic Dosing=== | ===Hepatic Dosing=== | ||
* dosage may need to be adjusted in patients with cirrhosis, however specific dose modification is not known at this time (2) | *dosage may need to be adjusted in patients with cirrhosis, however specific dose modification is not known at this time (2) | ||
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===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
* pain and inflammation at infusion site | *pain and inflammation at infusion site | ||
*arthralgias | *arthralgias | ||
*nausea/vomiting/diarrhea | *nausea/vomiting/diarrhea | ||
Revision as of 11:59, 6 July 2016
Uses
- Treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, as well as nosocomial pneumonias and infections secondary to IV catheters (1)
Administration
- Dosage Forms: 500 mg vials, diluted into 250 mL and given over 60 mins
- Routes of Administration: IV
- Common Trade Names: Synercid
Adult Dosing
- VRE: 7.5 mg/kg IV q8 hrs for minimum 7 days
- skin infections: 7.5 mg/kg IV q12 hrs for minimum 7 days
Pediatric Dosing
- safety and efficacy has not been studied in children
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: B
- Lactation risk: unknown whether secreted in human breast milk. Caution should be exercised when administering to nursing mothers. (2)
Renal Dosing
- no adjustments for renal impairment
Hepatic Dosing
- dosage may need to be adjusted in patients with cirrhosis, however specific dose modification is not known at this time (2)
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
Common
- pain and inflammation at infusion site
- arthralgias
- nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
- rash
- headache
- pruritis
Pharmacology
- Half-life: Quinupristin: 3 hrs; Dalfopristin: 1 hr
- Metabolism: significantly interacts with the CYP 3A4 system.
- Excretion:
References
- 1. JP Manzanella. "Quinupristin-Dalfopristin: A New Antibiotic for Severe Gram-Positive Infections." American Family Physician. 2001 Dec 1;64(11):1863-1867.
- 2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Synercid I.V. November 2007. Retrieved from http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/050748s008,050747s008lbl.pdf