Widened mediastinum: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Mediastinum Anatomy.png|thumb|Anatomy and contents of the mediastinum<ref>Faiz, O., & Moffat, D. (2002). Anatomy at a glance. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science.</ref>]] | [[File:Mediastinum Anatomy.png|thumb|Anatomy and contents of the mediastinum<ref>Faiz, O., & Moffat, D. (2002). Anatomy at a glance. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science.</ref>]] | ||
==Mediastinal Masses== | ===Mediastinal Masses=== | ||
*Anterior | *Anterior | ||
**Retrosternal goiter | **Retrosternal goiter | ||
Revision as of 19:32, 7 July 2017
Background
- Diagnosed on plain radiography of the chest
- Mediastinal width >8cm is abnormal
- Potential causes include:
- AP projection (Mediastinal structures further away from imaging plate)
- Thoracic aortic aneurysm
- Aortic dissection/rupture
- Mediastinal mass
Anatomy
- Mediastinum is divided into superior and inferior compartments, the latter further subdivided into anterior, middle and posterior compartments.[1]
Anatomy and contents of the mediastinum[2]
Mediastinal Masses
- Anterior
- Retrosternal goiter
- Thymoma
- Germ-cell tumor
- Lymphadenopathy (lymphoma)
- Middle
- Aortic arch aneurysm
- Dilated pulmonary artery
- Tracheal lesion
- Posterior
- Esophageal lesions
- Hiatal hernia
- Descending aortic aneurysm
- Paraspinal abscess